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Fistula in Ano (FIA) Treatment: Effective Solutions for a Common Problem
Fistula in Ano (FIA) is a common yet troublesome condition that occurs around the anus, often starting as a small pimple-like bump that intermittently bursts but doesn’t completely heal. At Dr Bernard Lim Specialist Surgery, we provide expert care to effectively diagnose and treat FIA, helping patients achieve lasting relief and prevent recurrence.
Get the Facts
What Is Fistula in Ano (FIA)?
Fistula in Ano is an abnormal connection between the anal canal and the skin surrounding the anus. This often develops after an anal abscess (a collection of pus due to an infection) bursts, leaving behind a tract that can discharge pus or blood. The condition is classified into low (superficial) and high (deep) types, depending on how deep the fistula tract extends.
FIA can be painful and persistent, as the skin may heal while the inner connection remains, leading to recurrent eruptions and discharge. The condition can be caused by an infection of the glands around the anus, known as a cryptoglandular abscess.
Key Benefits of FIA Treatment:
- Personalised Care – We assess your condition and tailor treatment to your needs.
- Minimally Invasive Options – We offer advanced, sphincter-preserving techniques for complex FIA.
- Prevention of Recurrence – Our goal is to provide long-term relief and minimise the risk of future fistulas.
- Expert Team – Led by experienced specialists in colorectal care, ensuring the highest standard of treatment.
What Are the Common Symptoms of FIA?
FIA presents with a range of symptoms, including:
Pain Around the Anus
Often accompanied by a hard lump or pimple
Discharge
From the lump or opening, usually yellowish pus or blood
Bleeding
Occasionally from the fistula opening
Infection and Swelling
Around the anal region
FIA can sometimes be confused with other conditions, such as:
- Anal fissure
- Haemorrhoids
- Hidradenitis suppurativa
- Pilonidal disease
- Infection inclusion cysts
- Cancer
Diagnosis
How Is FIA Evaluated?
A comprehensive evaluation is essential for accurate diagnosis. Your specialist will conduct a thorough history and physical examination, assessing the characteristics of your symptoms. For recurrent or complex cases, additional diagnostic tools may be necessary:
- Examination Under Anaesthesia (EUA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the anus
- Endoanal Ultrasound (EUS)
- Videoscope
Treatment
How Is FIA Treated?
Treatment for FIA depends on the severity and complexity of the condition. For simple, low fistulas, surgery is often sufficient:
Fistulectomy or Fistulotomy
The fistula tract is excised or laid open to heal from the inside out. This is usually a day surgery, and no hospitalisation is required.
For more complex or high fistulas, a more delicate approach is required to preserve anal sphincter function while addressing the infection. Treatment options include:
Seton Insertion
A string (seton) is placed through the fistula to help drain infection and allow the tract to heal.
Advancement Flaps
Tissue is moved to close the fistula opening and repair the tract.
Fibrin Glue or Fistula Plugs
These are used to seal the fistula tract from the inside.
Minimally Invasive, Sphincter-Preserving Methods:
Video-Assisted Anal Fistula Treatment (VAAFT)
A small scope is inserted through the external opening of the fistula, and the internal opening is located and closed. The entire tract is then cauterised (burned away), offering a quick recovery and minimal scarring.
Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract (LIFT)
A small incision is made near the anus, and the fistula tract is divided and closed from the inside. This technique preserves the sphincters and minimises the risk of damage.
Both VAAFT and LIFT are advanced methods that aim to treat complex fistulas with minimal disruption to anal sphincter function, reducing the risk of incontinence and improving recovery time.
Early Treatment
When Should You Seek Treatment for FIA?
If you experience the symptoms of FIA, such as persistent pain, discharge, or swelling around the anus, it’s important to consult a specialist promptly. Early treatment can prevent the condition from worsening and reduce the risk of complications, such as recurring infections or anal incontinence.
Procedure Overview
What to Expect During FIA Treatment
We offer advanced, personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s needs.
Why Choose Us for
Your FIA Treatment?
At Dr Bernard Lim Clinic, we focus on providing the highest quality care for FIA treatment.
Expert
Specialists
Highly experienced in diagnosing and treating all types of fistulas
Advanced
Technology
We use state-of-the-art diagnostic tools and minimally invasive techniques
Patient-Centered
Care
We ensure that you are fully informed and comfortable throughout your treatment journey
Sphincter
Preservation
We aim to preserve anal function while effectively treating the fistula
We are committed to providing the highest standard of care for our patients.
Post-Surgery Support
After Treatment
- You can often return home the same day after a simple procedure.
- Post-surgery recovery varies depending on the complexity of the fistula, with most patients returning to normal activities within a few weeks.
- Our team will monitor your progress and provide follow-up care to ensure healing and prevent recurrence.
Our Insurance Partners
Take Charge of Your Health – Schedule Your FIA Consultation Today
Don’t let FIA disrupt your life. Early treatment can help you get back to normal, pain-free living.